What primarily affects current in a solar PV module?

The size of the solar cell is primarily responsible for affecting the current in a solar PV module because larger solar cells have a greater surface area, which allows them to capture more sunlight. This increased exposure to sunlight enhances the generation of electrons, leading to a higher current output.

When the surface area of a solar cell is enlarged, more photons are absorbed, resulting in a greater flow of charge carriers (electrons) within the material of the solar cell. Thus, the ability to harvest sunlight and convert it into electrical energy correlates directly to the size of the cell.

In contrast, while factors like the number of solar cells in series, the backsheet of the solar module, and the temperature of the cells can influence performance, they do not directly determine the inherent current capability of each individual solar cell. For example, while a larger array of cells in series can increase voltage, it does not address the current produced by individual cells. Similarly, the backsheet provides insulation and protection but does not influence current production. Temperature can affect efficiency but is not a primary determinant of the current itself in an unregulated context.