Who is responsible for approving the interconnection of a photovoltaic (PV) system?

The correct choice is the utility, as they play a critical role in the interconnection process of a photovoltaic (PV) system. When a PV system is installed and ready to connect to the electrical grid, it must be reviewed and approved by the local utility company. Utilities are tasked with ensuring that the integration of this system does not adversely affect grid reliability, safety, or power quality. They have specific standards and guidelines that must be followed to achieve interconnection.

The contractor, while instrumental in the design and installation of the PV system, does not have the authority to approve interconnection; their role primarily involves executing the installation as per regulations and standards. The state government may set overarching policies and regulations for renewable energy and grid interconnections, but the final approval usually resides with the utility that operates the local grid where the PV system will be integrated. Although customers may have the initiative to install systems, they must operate within the framework established by utilities regarding interconnection procedures and requirements.